One of the most common — and most preventable — security problems is simple: files that should be private are publicly accessible on your web server.
What counts as a sensitive file
- Configuration files —
.env,config.php,wp-config.php,database.yml - Version control folders —
.git,.svn - Backup files —
backup.zip,db_backup.sql,site.tar.gz - Log files —
error.log,access.log,debug.log - Old or renamed files —
index.php.bak,config.old - Admin or install scripts —
phpinfo.php,install.php,setup.php
Why these files end up public
Usually accidental. A developer uploads a backup to restore it and forgets to delete it. An .env file ends up in the web root during deployment. A log file is written to a publicly accessible directory. Attackers scan for these constantly using automated tools.
What an attacker does with them
- Downloads database credentials from a config file and logs in directly
- Reconstructs source code from an exposed
.gitfolder - Uses a backup file to get a full copy of your site and database
How Google can make it worse
Some sensitive files get indexed by search engines. A backup file left long enough in a public directory may appear in Google search results — reachable by anyone, not just attackers.
threatprobe.app's free scan checks for dozens of exposed paths — config files, backup files, version control folders, and installer scripts.